North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov (Yakutsk, Russia):

Mironova S. I., Head of Laboratory, Professor, Doctor of Biological Sciences, e-mail: Mironova47@mail.ru

Ivanov V. V., Deputy Director on Science, Candidate of Engineering Science

The complexity of the biological recultivation stage is shown due to the analysis of geological and ecological conditions of the territories of Yakutia diamond deposits, and the analysis of technological peculiarities of the activity of regional mining enterprises. This complexity is caused by the following factors:
-severe natural and climatic conditions of the region;
-non-prospective reforesting and agricultural development of territory;
-overburden waste banks, situated in immediate proximity to the large inhabited localities.
Another peculiarity of the region is the slow rate of plant growing in the natural environment, which is caused by the strong layer of permafrost rocks and rather thin humus layer, as well as by the poorness of the top soil`s minerals. First researches began in 1990-ies, on the refuse heaps of the «Mir» open pit. The possibility of the creation of cultivation areas of vegetables and fodder annual and permanent grasses with the screeneng of dump surface by the soil layer, was practically established on the developed dredging areas in the cryolotic zone. The searching of biological recultivation methods of the «Aykhal» open pit dumps has been held since 2011. The researches showed the necessity of biological recultivation of the «Aykhal» open pit dumps for more rapid revegetation. In comparison with the dumps of «Mir» open pit, this region has no top soil. According to this, it is necessary to use non-traditional materials for the biological recultivation.

This research work was held with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, within the project No. 2010-218-01-001 “Creation of complex innovation environmentally safe technology of extraction and processing of diamondiferous ores in the Far North”, which is being held with the participation of North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov and “ALROSA” JSC.

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