Donetsk National Technical University

M. V. Goltsova, Assistant Professor

G. I. Zhirov, Assistant Professor

OJSC Scientific and Industrial Complex “Supermetall”

V. V. Vasekin, Chief Executive Officer

L. A. Sportsmen, Chief Specialist, e-mail: pr@supermetal.ru

The only hydrogen diffusion through the nonporous metallic membranes allows to obtain the high pure hydrogen. The impurity amount in the high pure hydrogen is in the range of 10^–6–10^–8 %. Hydrogen membrane technology is a wastless, ecologically clean technology for production of high pure hydrogen. Such a pure hydrogen is necessary for the metallurgical, pharmaceutical, food-processing industry, for semi-conductors producing, for physical and chemical experiments, for the thermonuclear technology and so on. There are reviewed some aspects of metal-hydrogen and PdH_x — hydrogen interaction. There is experimentally shown that the hydrogen-palladium interaction is accompanied with the strong macro- and micro structural effects. These effects must be taken into account in technologies of low-temperature diffusion membrane apparatus working. So, on the microstructure level, the «hydrogen impacts» induce the effect of the grains shift in Pd and PdH_x alloys. It is shown, that the preliminary dissolved hydrogen strengthens the discovered effect sharply. The process has the complex dynamics: at first, it takes place the incubatory period, further, there are possible the temporary swells of some grains, and "retraction" of separate grains in the sample volume. Then grains "motion" stops and grains stabilizes. Full evacuation of hydrogen from the palladium doesn't lead to initial grains arrangement and grains shift remains as residual effect of hydrogen blow. At the macroscopical structure level, the hydrogen saturation of palladium causes it form-changing (bending). The investigations are performed in wide temperature and pressure ranges. There are discussed the physical reasons for reversible hydrogen-induced bends of the palladium plate, which are higher in 2.5 times than those under mechanical loading only. It is discovered that the hydrogen influence on the palladium plate reaches the reversible bends of sizes, approximately in 2,5 times bigger, than reversible bends at the purely mechanical loading. Undoubtedly, all this should be considered in the technologies of the extra pure hydrogen production.

1. Goltsova M. V., Vasekin V. V., Zhirov G. I. Platinum Metals Key Role In Hydrogen Economy Progress and The Fundamentals Of Hydrogen Palladium Membrane Technology. Proceedings of International Hydrogen Energy Congress and Exhibition, IHEC-2007. Istanbul, 2007.

2. Goltsov V. A., Goltsova L. F., Veziroğlu T. N., Vasekin V. V., Sportsmen L. A. Dragotsennye metally i dragotsennye kamni – Precious metals. Preciousstones. 2008. No. 8. pp. 82–87.

3. Goltsov V., Goltsova M., Zhirov G., Goltsova L., Vasekin V., Sportsmen L. A. Perspektivy vodorodnoy membrannoy tekhnologii: tekhnicheskie i rynochnye aspekty (Prospects of hydrogenous membrane technology : engineering and market aspects). Materialy konferentsii PM’2010. Platinovye metally v sovremennoy industrii, vodorodnoy energetike i v sferakh zhizneobespecheniya budushchego (Materials of PM’2010 Conference. Platinum metals in modern industry, hydrogen energetics and in the spheres of future life support). Moscow : Agency of sociological and marketing research, 2010. p. 80–86.

4. Goltsov V. A., Geld P. V., Timofeev N. I., Kagan G. E., Belyaev I. F. Splav na osnove palladiya dlya izgotovleniya filtruyushchikh elementov, ispolzuemykh pri poluchenii vodoroda vysokogo kachestva (Alloy on the basis of palladium for production of filter elements, which are used during the obtaining of high-grade hydrogen). Patent, No. 3804616 USA. Published 16.07.74.

5. V. A. Goltsov, N. I. Timofeev. Splav na osnove palladiya (Alloy on the basis of palladium). Certificate of Authority, No. 463729 USSR. Published 15.03.75, Bull. No. 10.

6. Goltsova M. V., Artemenko Yu. A., Zhirov G. I. Hydride transformations: nature, kinetics, morphology. Progress in Hydrogen Treatment of Materials. Donetsk : Kassiopeya, 2001. pp. 161–184.

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8. Goltsova M. V., Zhirov G. I. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie – The Physics of Metals and Metallography. 2002. Vol. 94, No. 3. pp. 66–71.

9. Goltsova M. V., Artemenko Yu. A., Zaitsev V. I. Kinetics and morphology of the reverse β→α hydride transformation in thermodynamically open Pd–H system. Journal of Alloys & Compounds. 1999. Vol. 293–295. pp. 379–384.

10. Goltsova M. V., Zhirov G. I., Artemenko Yu. A. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie – The Physics of Metals and Metallography. 2001. Vol. 93, No. 3. pp. 1–5.

11. Kolachev B. A. Vodorodnaya khrupkost metallov (Hydrogen metals` fragility). Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1985. 216 p.

12. Tkachev V. I., Kholodnyy V. I., Levina I. N. Rabotosposobnost staley i splavov v srede vodoroda (Operability of steels and alloys in hydrogen environment). Lviv : Vertical, 1999. 255 p.

13. Goltsov V. A., Redko A. L., Glukhova Zh. L. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie – The Physics of Metals and Metallography. 2003. Vol. 95, No. 1. pp. 21–26.

14. Goltsov V. A., Glukhova Zh. L. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie – The Physics of Metals and Metallography. 2000. Vol. 90, No. 4. pp. 68–73.

15. Goltsova M. V., Lyubimenko E. N. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie – The Physics of Metals and Metallography. 2011. Vol. 112, No. 4. pp. 393–403.

16. Goltsova M. V., Lyubimenko E. N. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie – The Physics of Metals and Metallography. 2012. Vol. 113, No. 2. pp. 162–169.