Seversk Technological Institute of National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”

А. Ya. Svarovsky, Professor, Department of Machinery and Devices of Chemical Production
V. P. Pishchulin, Professor, Department of Machinery and Devices of Chemical Production, e-mail: pischulin@ssti.ru
F. V. Макаrov, Head of Department of Machinery and Devices of Chemical Production
L. F. Zаripova, Assistant Professor, Department of Machinery and Devices of Chemical Production
S. А. Sharifullin, Student

The matter of production of fluorides of rare-earth elements from oxides in apparatus with small expenses of fluorine and solid phase was thoroughly considered. The researches of structure of two-phase vertical flows were carried out. We determined the field of local velocity solid phase particles in vertical flow of model apparatus with the help of the Laser Doppler measuring instrument of speed method. The fields of flows such as changing of tangential and axial velocity values were ascertained. Modeling the fluorinations processes of uranium oxides in vertical flow was made, and the three-phase mode of the process was determined: inert particles heating, quasi-stationary mixture heating and diffusion burning mode. The recommendations on calculation of reaction zone of vertical reactor were given. The calculations of accelerated fluorination modes in vertical flow and the results of experiments on structure of two-phase vertical flows allowed us to construct a subassembly of fluorine injection and uranium oxides delivery into vertical apparatus for further fluorination, and to determine the general size of injector. Application of vertical flows in various technological processes requires knowledge of hydrodynamics on twophase flows. Apparatus with small expense of fluorine and solid phase produce a significant interest for obtaining the uranium hexafluoride and fluorides of rare-earth elements from oxides. To cut the costs of full-scale experiments we made modeling and computer calculations of the mode of uranium oxides fluorination process in vertical apparatus. The existing methods of cyclone furnace calculations are made for cameras of big diameter, taking into account the models of bulk particles burning and mixed one, such as in the volume and on the wall. To carry out our numerous researches of macro kinetics of uranium oxides fluorination process we used the kinetic specifications from the works performed in the Russian Research Institute of Chemical Technologies, Siberian Chemical Group of Chemical Enterprises and Tomsk Polytechnic University. As a result the new construction of vertical reactor for fluorination processes of uranium oxides and rare-earth elements was worked out.

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