Polzunov Altai State Technical University (Barnaul, Russia)¹ ; The Advanced Textile Technology Innovation Center (Jianhu Laboratory) (Shaoxing, China)² ; Wuhan Textile University (Wuhan, China)³

S. G. Ivanov, Dr. Eng., Leading Researcher^1,2, Leading Researcher of Hubei Digital Textile Equipment Key Laboratory³, e-mail: serg225582@yandex.ru

Polzunov Altai State Technical University (Barnaul, Russia)¹ ; Zhejiang Briliant Refrigeration Equipment Co., Ltd. (Xingchang, China)²

M. A. Guryev, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Technology¹, Technical Director², e-mail: gurievma@mail.ru

Wuhan Textile University (Wuhan, China)¹ ; Moscow Polytechnic University (Moscow, Russia)² ; Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs (Vladimir, Russia)³
V. B. Deev^*, Dr. Eng., Prof., Prof. of Digital Textile Equipment Key Laboratory¹, Head of the Dept. of Equipment
and Technologies of the Welding², Chief Researcher³, e-mail: deev.vb@mail.ru

Polzunov Altai State Technical University (Barnaul, Russia)

M. N. Zenin, Postgraduate Student, Junior Researcher, Engineer of the Department of Modern Special Materials, e-mail: mikhail.zenin.96@mail.ru

*Corresponding author

High-chromium, low-nickel corrosion-resistant steels of the austenitic-martensitic class exhibit excellent corrosion resistance along with reasonably good mechanical strength, making them promising for various applications in mechanical engineering and building construction. Upon plastic deformation, their strength characteristics can further increase. However, the widespread industrial application of these steels is constrained by the complexity of their plastic forming processes (e.g., stamping, upsetting), due to a high propensity for cracking, which results in defects in the final products. This study investigates the causes of cracking in austenitic-martensitic corrosionresistant steels during plastic deformation, using high-chromium, low-nickel steel grade 07Kh16N6 as a representative material. Metallographic analysis reveals that the primary cause of crack formation during plastic deformation is the formation of deformation-induced martensite, which is associated with a negative volume change. This local volume contraction leads to the development of tensile stresses at sites of martensitic transformation. It is reasonable to assume that when large volumes of deformation-induced martensite form rapidly, the resulting tensile stresses may exceed the material’s strength, thereby initiating cracking. Moreover, the generated tensile stresses can also promote the formation of so-called athermal martensite, which is accompanied by a slight volume expansion and, thus, a partial compensation of the tensile stresses. However, at high deformation rates, the formation of athermal martensite tends to lag behind the transformation-induced martensitic process, exacerbating the tendency for crack initiation and propagation. This hypothesis is indirectly supported by other researchers, who have also identified optimal strain rates (6.67·10^–4 s^–1) and maximum allowable single-pass reduction ratio (no more than 19–22 %). In cases where higher reduction ratios are required, a multi-pass deformation strategy with intermediate recrystallization annealing is recommended to eliminate the martensitic phase and reduce cracking risk.

The research was carried out within the state assignment in the field of scientific activity of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (theme FZUN-2024-0004, state assignment of the VlSU).

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