MIREA – Russian Technological University, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

T. M. Buslaeva, Professor, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, e-mail: buslaevatm@mail.ru
E. V. Volchkova, Associate Professor, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, e-mail: volchkovaev@bk.ru

JSC NPK “Supermetal”, Moscow, Russia
I. V. Boryagina, Deputy Head of the Testing Laboratory, e-mail: irinaboryagina@mail.ru

The article examines the sorption of palladium ions (II) and Non-ferrous metal ions – copper and nickel, usually present in chloride technological solutions, on silicas of the Silochrom (S) and Davisil (D) brands, chemically modified with N- and S-containing organic compounds. It was determined that under static conditions the time to achieve constant sorption values is 2–5 minutes. It has been established that an increase in the concentration of HCl in solutions leads to a significant decrease in the sorption of palladium(II) and Non-ferrous metals ions for all types of sorbents. The influence of the salt background on the sorption of palladium(II) is insignificant. Based on a set of data, including studies of the dependence of the palladium ions(II) sorption by nitrogen-containing sorbents on various conditions, the construction of sorption isotherms and the study of phases of sorbents saturated with palladium ions using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it was concluded that the sorption of Pd (II) occurs due to electrostatic interaction with protonated nitrogen atoms of the functional groups of sorbents, as well as due to donor-acceptor binding of nitrogen atoms with Pd ions(II). It was concluded that, due to the low sorption values of the studied ions by nitrogen-containing silicas, their use is inappropriate, and for the isolation of palladium from solutions of complex composition, it is recommended to use highly selective sulfur-containing sorbents, in particular silica modified with thiosalicylic acid (TSA-D). It has been established that at the stage of sorption by this sorbent in a dynamic mode, joint sorption of Pd(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) ions from model solutions occurs, and 99.99% of palladium passes into the sorbent phase. At the stage of washing with 0.1 mol/l HCl, the remaining initial solution is removed and copper(II) and nickel(II) ions are desorbed. When eluting with an ammonia buffer solution (pH =10), an eluate is formed containing, % (wt.): for the Pd(II) – Cu(II) pair (in terms of metal) > 99.97 Pd and < 0.03 Cu(II), and for the Pd(II) – Ni(II) system – 99.99 Pd and <0.01 Ni.

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