Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia:

R. E. Dashko, Professor, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, regda2002@mail.ru
I. S. Romanov, Post-Graduate Student

The location of the Kupol gold–silver deposit governs complexity of its geological features within the Okhotsk–Chukotka Volcanic Belt in the zone of high tectonic activity. The present zones with different thermodynamic conditions in permafrost 250–300 m thick at the mining depth greater than 500 m, the cryopags in frozen rocks and in mineralized pressure water below the permafrost sole, the excessive tectonic stresses in thawed rocks, the aggressive physicochemical, chemical and biochemical conditions of the underground hydrosphere dictate the need to develop and introduce the integrated geological monitoring. The monitoring concept and contents are formulated based on the representation of the underground space (US) of a mine as a multicomponent system: fractured rock mass–underground water–microorganisms of underground water–gases of various genesis–load-bearing structures (supports). For each of the components, the necessity and directions of monitoring and observations are determined in the structure of the integrated monitoring system. The interrelation of all US components is shown, and special attention is paid to the operability and long-term stability of rock bolting systems as the main supporting structures that determine mine operation safety. It is emphasized that the mine support systems experience the multifactorial influence of four components: rocks, groundwater, microorganisms and gases. All types of corrosion of mine support systems, including biocorrosion, are identified and systematized, their nature is disclosed and the methodological aspects of recommended control and observations in the specific monitoring system are formulated, which ensures improvement of mining safety and elimination of emergencies through undertaking preventive measures.

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