Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, Novocherkassk, Russia:

Yu. I. Razorenov, Rector, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences
E. A. Yatsenko, Head of Department, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, e_yatsenko@mail.ru
B. M. Goltsman, Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences

The building materials industry is one of the key sectors of the national economy due to its largecapacity and enduring demand. One of the main scientific directions of the outstanding Russian scientist, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Leonid Abramovich Vaisberg was the search for the ways and means of solving the problem connected with waste recycling. To obtain products for construction purposes, Academician L.A. Vaisberg considered it promising to manufacture a granular porous aggregate based on a dust-like fraction of igneous rocks – basalts, granites and syenites – as well as ash and slag waste (ASW) from solid fuel power plants. Coal generation occupies a significant share on the territory of the Russian Arctic zone, as a result of which the problem of integrated recycling of the resulting ash and slag waste is a very urgent environmental problem for the entire Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Ash and slag waste is 98–99% composed of free and chemically bound compounds of silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, etc. In terms of phase and mineralogical composition, ash and slag waste belong to multicomponent systems, including crystalline (grains of quartz, hematite, magnetite, etc.) and amorphous (glassy phase) components. Materials of this composition are suitable as raw materials for the production of constructing materials, including binders, aggregates, calcined and non-calcined materials for road construction, etc. A promising way of using ash and slag waste is their use in road construction in the Arctic zone in conditions of waterlogging and long periods with negative temperatures and the process of “swelling” of the roadbed. To prevent deformations of frost swelling, it is necessary to use various loosening materials, for example, crushed rock, sand, expanded clay gravel, as well as ash and slag waste from thermal power plants. In the conditions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, the complex utilization of ash and slag waste from own thermal power plants for the needs of road construction will improve the environmental situation and ensure a new quality of roads.

1. Vaisberg L. А., Kononov O. V., Ustinov I. D. The basics of geometallurgy. Saint-Petersburg : Russkaya kollektsiya, 2020. 376 p.
2. Vaisberg L. А., Ustinov I. D. Introduction to mineral separation technology. Saint-Petersburg : Russkaya kollektsiya, 2019. 168 p.
3. Vaisberg L. А., Mikhaylova N. V., Yasinskaya A. V. Tendencies in the Development of Industrial MSW Processing in Western Europe. Ekologiya i promyshlennost Rossii. 2019. Vol. 23, No. 12. pp. 41–47.
4. Vaisberg L. А., Mikhaylova N. V. Decontamination of solid municipal waste. Looking for promising solutions. Upravlenie munitsipalnymi otkhodami kak vazhnyi faktor ustoychivogo razvitiya megapolisa. 2018. No. 1. pp. 9–10.
5. Arsentiev V. A., Vaisberg L. A., Samukov A. D. Nonwaste production of mass use building materials out of volcanic rocks. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2014. No. 12. pp. 55–64.
6. Arsentyev V. A., Vaisberg L. A., Shuloyakov A. D., Romashev A. O. Waste utilization technologies for nonmetallic reject aggregates. Obogashchenie Rud. 2012. No. 5. pp. 51–54.
7. Vaisberg L. А., Safronov А. N. Vibratory disintegration application in processing of different materials. Obogashchenie Rud. 2018. No. 1. pp. 3–11. DOI: 10.17580/or.2018.01.01
8. Yatsenko E. A., Smoliy V. A., Goltsman B. M., Kosarev A. S. Development of macro- and microstructure of foam glass, made with the use of slag waste of TPP. Izvestiya vuzov. Severo-Kavkazskiy region. Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2012. No. 6(169). pp. 127–130.
9. Yatsenko E. A., Goltsman B. M., Smoliy V. A., Kosarev A. S., Bezuglov R. V. Investigation of the Influence of Foaming Agents’ Type and Ratio on the Foaming and Reactionary Abilities of Foamed Slag Glass. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. 2015. Vol. 12, spl.Edn. 2. pp. 625–632.
10. Yatsenko E. A., Goltsman B. M., Smoliy V. A., Kosarev A. S. Investigation of A Porous Structure Formation Mechanism of a Foamed Slag Glass Based On the Glycerol Foaming Mixture. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2016. Vol. 7, Iss. 5. pp. 1073–1081.
11. Vdovenko M. I. Mineral part of power station coal (physicochemical research). Alma-Ata : Nauka, 1973. 256 p.
12. Panteleyev V. G., Larina E. A., Melentyev V. A. et al. Structure and properties of thermal power plants ashes and slags : tutorial. Leningrad : Energoatomizdat, 1985. 285 p.
13. Richa Singh, Sarwani Budarayavalasa. Solidifica tion and stabilization of hazardous wastes using geopolymers as sustainable binders. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. 2021. Vol. 23, Iss. 5. pp. 1699–1725.
14. Panyang He, Xiaomin Zhang, Hao Chen, Yaojun Zhang. Waste-to-resource strategies for the use of circulating fluidized bed fly ash in con struction materials: A mini review. Powder Technology. 2021. Vol. 393. pp. 773–785.
15. Yadav V. K., Yadav K. K., Tirth V., Jangid A., Gnanamoorthy G. et al. Recent Advances in Methods for Recovery of Cenospheres from Fly Ash and Their Emerging Applications in Ceramics, Composites, Polymers and Environmental Cleanup. Crystals. 2021. Vol. 11, Iss. 9. 1067. DOI: 10.3390/cryst11091067
16. Peng Wang, Huiyong Liu, Fangyan Zheng, Yue Liu, Ge Kuang et al. Extraction of Aluminum from Coal Fly Ash Using Pressurized Sulfuric Acid Leaching with Emphasis on Optimization and Mechanism. The Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society. 2021. Vol. 73, No. 9. pp. 2643–2651.
17. Ahmed I. K., Khalaf H. N. B., Ambrosino F., Mostafa M. Y. A. Fly ash radiological characterization from thermal power plants in Iraq. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. 2021. Vol. 329, Iss. 3. pp. 1237–1245.