Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia Abstract:

S. A. Kozyrev, Chief Researcher, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, kozar@goi.kolasc.net.ru
E. A. Vlasova, Senior Researcher, Candidate of Engineering Sciences
A. V. Sokolov, Researcher

Consumption of industrial explosives in Russia is growing thanks to the increased production of emulsion explosives and their mixtures with granular ammonium nitrate. Mines in the Murmansk Region use mainly explosive emulsion mixtures manufactured by Orica, Maxam and Nitro Sibir. The cost of drilling and blasting is mainly constituted by the cost of explosives; therefore, the rational use of explosives is a critical objective to be met. In drilling and blasting designs, the heat of explosion is used as the main energy indicator of the explosives used. To calculate the heat of explosion, it is necessary to know the composition of the explosion products, which is not always possible. This article presents the calculation of characteristics of the explosion products by the well-known Brinkley–Wilson rule. The heat of explosion was calculated by the Hess law. Then, in accordance with the hydrodynamic theory of detonation, assuming that the detonation velocity is proportional to the square of the explosion heat emitted at the front of the detonation wave, using the experimental values of the detonation velocity obtained for the industrial explosive compositions under consideration, the authors calculated the actual heat release and the potential energy of the explosion. The proposed approach was used in analyzing the results of detonation velocity measurements in blastholes in Zhelezny mine of Kovdor Mining and Processing Plant and in underground mines of Apatit (during heading and stoping operations). Based on the measurements, the authors have determined the actual values of explosion heat in case of various compositions of emulsion explosives depending on the blasthole diameter. The actual explosion heat of charges of emulsion explosives are always lower than the values given in their specifications. It is shown that the actual heat release depends on the diameter of the charge and on the amount of granular phase in the mixed compositions.

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