Karaganda State Technical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan:

V. F. Demin, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, vladfdemin@mail.ru
V. V. Yavorsky, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences
T. V. Demina, Senior Lecturer, Candidate of Engineering Sciences
A. N. Tomilov, Doctoral Student

Events due to rock pressure in the form of floor swelling in mines are conditioned by a variety of natural geological and technology-induced factors. Swelling takes place in temporary roadways and production headings in weak and strong rock mass in the areas of clayey, loamy and sandy-and-clay beds. The most effective method to prevent swelling is stress relaxation in host rock mass. The developed rock bolting technology enables enhancing stability of exposed rocks with regard to geology, geometry and technology of mining. The technology of peripheral floor rock bolting provides for the installation of rock bolts in the floor along the walls of a roadway in inclined holes drilled at an angle of 20–40º relative to a vertical line. The length of the holes is determined based on the rock drillability subject to cross installation of rock bolts (at a right angle) in the floor. The spacing of the cross rock bolts in the floor rocks is recommended to be selected as a double number of steel arch frames per 1 m of a roadway. The technology takes into account stress state of the floor rock mass and allows finding optimal reinforcement parameters under specific operation conditions in order to enhance floor stability in temporary roadways in gently dipping and inclined coal seams with adaptation to varying geotechnical conditions as a result of the joint bolt/rock operation when the rock bolt characteristics are consistent with the deformation properties of the wall rock mass.

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