Institute of Materials Science of Khabarovsk Science Center of the Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk, Russia:

V. V. Gostishchev, Senior Researcher of Laboratory “Engineering and Tool Materials”, e-mail: V-gostishev@mail.ru
S. N. Khimukhin, Head of Laboratory “Engineering and Tool Materials”

Pacific National University, Khabarovsk, Russia:

E. D. Kim, Post-Graduate Student
E. Kh. Ri, Head of a Chair “Foundry and Metals Technology”

Modern heat-resistant nickel-aluminum based materials obtain high performance data due to the integrated introduction of alloying elements, including rare earth metals. Our article shows the results of obtaining of multicomponent ligatures and complex-alloyed nickel-aluminum alloys by aluminothermy of initial metal oxides with additives of special ligature containing cerium and lanthanum. Thermodynamic assessment of aluminothermic reactions of reduction of initial metal oxides is given. These reactions have their thermodynamic parameters in an environment favorable for the formation of refractory metal alloys. The melting process temperature enables the secondary production of alloys. Differential thermal analysis investigated the transformations in the aluminothermic systems: NiO – Al, Cr₂O₃ – Al, МоО₃ – Al, WO₃ – Al, TiO₂ – Al, V₂O₃ – Al. Reduction of oxides becomes active after aluminum melting at the temperature of ~ 659 ^oC and proceeds by a heterogeneous mechanism, the beginning of which corresponds to the range of 800–1100 ^oC. We defined the charge composition, which ensures the maximum release of the metals in alloys (82–93 wt.%). During the alloy production, especially in the case of the synthesis of composite alloy based on the intermetallic system Ni – Al, aluminum excess (relative to the estimated) is introduced into the charge composition. X-ray phase and elemental analyses defined the composition of the obtained alloys. The microstructure was investigated. For example the ligature #1 is shown by several phases with different ratio of aluminium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten. At the same time, the ligature #2 also contains titanium, vanadium, cerium and lanthanum in the form of reciprocal solid solutions. Aluminide alloys have a compositional structure: nickel-aluminum matrix distributed the inclusions of the alloying elements in solid solutions.
Investigations were carried out using the equipment of the Center of Multiple Access “Applied Materials Science” (Pacific National University) with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the state tasks No. 11.7208.2017/7.8 and 11.3014.2017/4.6.

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