Institute of Solid State Chemistry of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia:

S. P. Yatsenko, Head of Laboratory, e-mail: yatsenko@ihim.uran.ru
V. M. Skachkov, Engineer
T. I. Krasnenko, Leading Researcher
L. A. Pasechnik, Senior Researcher

This paper describes the report of methods of mechanical and mechanically activated mastication of metal powders and inert filling agents into liquid fusible alloys. This process provides multilevel hardening of the matrix with various phases during subsequent dispersion hardening of the composite in the course of thermal treatment. Compositions of these paste-like mixtures are non-equilibrium, therefore forming of intermetallic compounds and solid solutions with high melting temperatures occurs as a result of chemical interaction between the mixture components. Conditions for fabrication of electrochemical coatings are described, using these pastes and providing permanent connection of heterogeneous materials (including glass, ceramic, silicon etc.). Compositions of water-salt solutions for coating metallic surfaces with gallium and copper were determined together with development of conditions of electrochemical process for fabrication of intermediate insulating layers for permanent connection of materials. There are given the solutions for varying of thermal expansion coefficients of the composite alloys from usual to zero values via heterodesmic compounds (divanadates) as filling agents. The limiting values of shearing and cleavage strength and wear resistance for obtained samples of compounds are presented. The air tightness of material connecting seams and the possible temperature range of application of these compositions are discussed. It was experimentally shown that developed compositional diffusion hardening alloys hold much promise in different spheres.

1. Yatsenko S. P., Khayak V. G. Kompozitsionnye pripoi na osnove legkoplavkikh splavov (Composite solders on the basis of easily fusible alloys). Ekaterinburg : Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 1997. 186 p.
2. Yatsenko S. P., Sabirzyanov A. N. Vestnik Kurganskogo gosuniversiteta. Seriya Tekhnicheskie nauki — Bulletin of Kurgan State University. Series “Engineering Sciences”. 2006. Iss. 2, Part. 1. pp. 173–174.
3. Grigoreva T. F., Barikova A. P., Lyakhov N. Z. Mekhano khimicheskiy sintez v metallicheskikh sistemakh (Mechanochemical synthesis in metallic systems). Novosibirsk : Parallel, 2008. 311 p.
4. Grigoreva T. F., Yatsenko S. P., Khayak V. G. et al. Mekhanokhimicheskiy sintez poroshkovykh splavov i ikh ispolzovanie v diffuzionno-tverdeyushchikh pripoyakh (Mechanochemical synthesis of powder alloys and their usage in diffusion-hardening solders). Fiziko-khimicheskie i tekhnolo gicheskie kharakteristiki vysokodispersnykh materialov : sbornik nauchnykh trudov (Physicalchemical and technological characteristics of high-dispersive materials : collection of scientific proceedings). Kiev : Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, 1989. pp. 38–42.
5. Khayak V. G., Yatsenko S. P. Material dlya plombirovaniya zubov (Material for tooth stopping). Patent RF, No. 2024251. Applied: January 15, 1993. Published: December 15, 1994. Bulletin No. 23.
6. Yatsenko S. P., Sabirzyanov A. N., Yatsenko A. S. Novye materialy dlya meditsiny (New materials for medicine). Ekaterinburg : Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2006. pp. 41–47.
7. Yatsenko S. P., Skachkov V. M. Sposob besflyusovoy payki raznorodnykh materialov (Method of flux-free bonding of dissimilar materials). Patent RF, No. 2442680. Applied: December 8, 2010. Published: February 20, 2012. Bulletin No. 5.
8. Yatsenko S. P., Skachkov V. M. Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii — Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 2011. Vol. 84, Iss. 11. pp. 1917–1919.
9. Yatsenko S. P., Khayak V. G., Ivanov E. Yu., Grigoreva T. F. et al. Pripoy dlya besflyusovoy payki (Solder for flux-free soldering). Certificate of Authority USSR, No. 1834137. Applied: August 04, 1989. Published: May 10, 2000.
10. Novikov A. I., Yatsenko S. P. Khimiya, tekhnologiya i promyshlennaya ekologiya neorganicheskikh materialov (Chemistry, technology and industrial ecology of inorganic materials). Sbornik trudov Permskogo universiteta (Collection of proceedings of Perm university). Perm : Publishing House of Perm University, 2003. Iss. 6. pp. 134–140.
11. Rotermel M. V., Krasnenko T. I., Petrova S. A., Zakharov R. G. Zhurnal neorganicheskoy khimii — Russian Journal of Inorganic chemistry. 2009. Vol. 54, No. 1. pp. 22–26.
12. Krasnenko T. I., Yatsenko S. P., Andianova L. V., Leonidova O. N. et al. Diffuzno-tverdeyushchiy pripoy (Diffusionhardening solder). Patent RF, No. 2438844. Applied: May 10, 2010. Published: January 10, 2012. Bulletin No. 1.
13. Ancharov A. I., Grigoreva T. F., Tsybulya S. V., Boldyrev V. V. Metally — Metals. 2006. No. 2. pp. 55–59.
14. Yatsenko S. P., Smirnov B. N., Sabirzyanov N. A. et al. Zhidkometallicheskiy kontakt dlya tokosema (Liquid-metal contact for current collection). Patent RF, No. 2030045. Applied: April 22, 1991. Published: February 27, 1995. Bulletin No. 15.