Chair “Chemistry and Technology of Materials of Modern Energetics”, Seversk Technological Institute, Seversk, Russia

A. S. Buynovskiy, Professor

¹Chair “Chemistry and Technology of Materials of Modern Energetics”, Seversk Technological Institute, Seversk, Russia; ²Innovation and Technological Center, Siberian Physical and Technical Institute of Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
E. V. Obkhodskaya, Post-graduate Student¹, Junior Researcher², e-mail: lenaobx@yandex.ru

Innovation and Technological Center, Siberian Physical and Technical Institute of Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia

V. I. Sachkov, Assistant Professor, Head of Laboratory

Considered the results of development and application of plasma chemical method for synthesis and processing a variety of end products. Developed a laboratory-scale plant for experimental studies of plasma chemical process of obtaining dispersed oxides of a number rare earth metals. In laboratory-scale plant used the high-frequency induction plasma torch. The proposed method is based on process of plasma chemical thermal decomposition and denitration metal salt solutions, with subsequent conversion into powders oxides in the plasma flow. Plasma chemical method allows synthesizing material quickly (10^–3–10^–1 s). As the starting materials for obtaining powders oxides used water-salt solutions of zirconium, titanium, cerium and yttrium with metal concentration of 20, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 100 g/l. Research the properties of the starting materials and obtained products was carried out with use of modern physical and chemical methods. Found that the main morphological constituents of powders are polycrystalline hollow spheres and their fragments — transparent polycrystalline films and particles with irregular shape. Average size (diameter) of the spheres is 0.77 micron, the grains in them — 31 nm. The synthesized materials contain within their structure crystalline and amorphous modifications of substances. Identified the factors, which influence the composition and quality of the powders. Found, with increasing the concentration of metal nitrate solution in the range of 20–100 g/l, the average particle size increases from 0.03 to 1 micron.

1. Buynovskiy A. S., Makaseev A. Yu., Makaseev Yu. N., Obkhodskaya E. V. et al. Ftoridnaya tekhnologiya polucheniya magnitnykh materialov na osnove redkozemelnykh elementov dlya yadernoy energetiki. Chast 1. Vnepechnaya ftoridnaya tekhnologiya redkozemelnykh splavov (Fluoride technology of obtaining of magnete materials, on the basis of rare-earth elements for nuclear power. Part 1. Secondary fluoride technology of rareearth alloys). Tomsk : Publishing House of Tomsk State University of Systems of Management and Radioelectronics, 2012. 435 p.
2. Ivanov V. K., Polezhaeva O. S., Tretyakov Yu. D. Rossiyskiy khimicheskiy zhurnal — Russian Journal of General Chemistry. 2009. Vol. 53, No. 2. pp. 56–67.
3. Drobot D. V., Chub A. V., Voronov V. V., Fedorov P. P., Ivanov V. K., Polezhaeva O. S. Neorganicheskie materialy — Inorganic Materials. 2008. Vol. 44, No. 8. pp. 966–968.
4. Buynovskiy A. S., Sachkov V. I., Obkhodskaya E. V. Izvestiya vuzov. Fizika — Russian Physics Journal. 2012. No. 2/2. pp. 181–184.
5. Krapivina S. A. Plazmokhimicheskie tekhnologicheskie prot sessy (Plasma-chemical technological processes). Leningrad : Khimiya, 1981. 247 p.
6. Dedov N. V., Dorda F. A., Korobtsev V. P., Kutyavin E. M., Solovev A. I. Novye promyshlennye tekhnologii — New industrial technologies. 1994. No. 1 (261). pp. 38–42.
7. Suris A. L. Plazmokhimicheskie protsessy i apparaty (Plasmachemical processes and apparatuses). Moscow : Khimiya, 1989. 304 p.
8. Sbornik metodik po raschetu vybrosov v atmosferu zagryaznyayushchikh veshchestv razlichnymi proizvodstvami (Collection of methodologies on calculation of discharges of polluting substances into the air, which are made by various industries). Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat, 1986. 183 p.
9. Chernyavskiy K. S. Stereologiya v metallovedenii (Stereology in physical metallurgy). Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1977. 208 p.