Siberian State Industrial University, Novokuznetsk, Russia
A. A. Umanskiy, Dr. Eng., Associate Prof., Director of the Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, e-mail: umanskii@bk.ru
R. A. Shevchenko, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. of Ferrous Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, e-mail: shefn1200@mail.ru
A. E. Dolgopolov, Head of the Laboratory of the Scientific and Educational Center “Digital Metallurgy”, e-mail: alexdolgop@yandex.ru

EVRAZ West-Siberian Metal Plant, Novokuznetsk, Russia

R. N. Molokanov, Technical Director, e-mail: molokanov@evraz.com

In order to theoretically substantiate the development of effective rolling modes for railway rails made of bainitic steels, experimental laboratory studies of the resistance to plastic deformation of steels of a wide range of the specified class have been carried out. In relation to bainitic steels of various chemical compositions, the patterns of influence of the degree and rate of deformation on their resistance to plastic deformation have been determined. It is shown that in the ranges of variation of the true deformation and the deformation rate of 0.05-0.10 and 1.75-2.8 s–1, respectively, an increase in these indicators leads to an increase in the resistance of steels to plastic deformation according to the linear law. It has been found that the deformation resistance of bainitic steel with a carbon content of the order of 0.34, simultaneously alloyed with manganese, silicon and chromium at the level of 1.6-2.0 and molybdenum up to 0.4 %, practically corresponds to the deformation resistance of standard 76KhF high-carbon steel rails. At the same time, bainitic rail steels with a similar carbon content but 1.5 times lower concentrations of manganese, silicon, chromium and molybdenum have 30% lower deformation resistance under similar rolling conditions. It was also determined that alloying with nickel up to 0.9 % and vanadium up to 0.15 % contribute to a slight (up to 10 %) increase in the deformation resistance of bainitic rail steels. Using the obtained analytical dependences of the deformation resistance of the steels under consideration on the rolling parameters, a predictive calculation of the rolling force in the roughing box of an existing universal rail and block mill was carried out, which showed that there was a significant reserve for the intensification of the existing rolling regime of railway rails during the transition to their production from bainitic steels.
The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 25-29-00415, https://rscf.ru/project/25-29-00415/.

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