Southwest State University, Kursk, Russia
V. V. Kuts, Dr. Eng., Prof., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Equipment, e-mail: kuc-vadim@yandex.ru
A. V. Oleshitsky, Lecturer, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Equipment, e-mail: oav46@yandex.ru
A. N. Grechukhin, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Equipment, e-mail: agrechuhin@mail.ru
I. Yu. Grigorov, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Equipment, e-mail: grighorov.ighor@mail.ru

The paper presents the results of a study of changes in the microstructure and density of samples formed by an additive method by an electric arc with an axial feed of a steel filler wire in a protective gas environment (GMAW technology) with additional exposure to an external longitudinal magnetic field on the electric arc. The production of samples was carried out on a 5-coordinate additive installation created on the basis of a CNC machine. Surfacing was carried out in the following modes: polarity – straight; voltage 17.5 V; gas pressure 0.15 MPa; electrode reach 10 mm; the feed rate of the wire is 4256.22 mm/min. At the same time, a wire with a diameter of 0.75 mm made of Sv-08G2S material was used. An additional magnetic field was created by an inductor when it was connected to an alternating current with a voltage of 220 V with a frequency of 50 Hz, the value of the measured magnetic induction in the formation zone of the welding bath did not exceed 12 MT. Analysis of the microstructure showed that the effect of a longitudinal magnetic field made it possible to obtain a ferrite-pearlite structure homogeneous over the entire deposited surface of the samples, without pronounced ferrite regions. The density of the deposited samples was determined by measuring their mass and volume. The mass of the samples was measured on the scales of the LE225D model, and the volume of the samples was determined by measuring the mass of the displaced distilled water when they were suspended on a thread. The influence of the longitudinal magnetic field on the change in the density of the samples was evaluated using single-factor analysis of variance. The analysis showed that with additional exposure to an electric arc by an external longitudinal magnetic field, the density of the deposited samples has a statistically significant increase of 0.3 %.
The work was carried out within the framework of the development program of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Southwest State University" of the project "Priority 2030".

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