Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russia:

O. V. Denisova, Associate Professor at the Department of Electronic Systems, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, e-mail: denisova_ov@pers.spmi.ru
K. G. Karapetyan, Head of the Department of Chemical Technology and Energy Processing, Doctor of Technical Sciences, e-mail: karapetyan_kg@pers.spmi.ru

The non-ferrous metals industry heavily relies on pyrometallurgical processes conducted at high temperatures and in harsh environments, which sets special requirements to the materials and coatings used. Carbon materials (including composites) are widely used in furnace processes as they determine the physicochemical properties of refractory coatings that make the furnace lining. Special attention is given to the use of graphite- and carbon-based composite materials, as well as carbon-carbon composites. At the same time, a great deal of attention is given to surface control and the possibility to control the surface activity. Thanks to controlled changes of the surface chemical composition, better composites can be selected for making catalysts and special additives, as well as for coatings. This paper looks at the compositions of surface functional groups of graphite and carbon. The authors used the method of atomic layer deposition from gaseous phase to produce graphite-based surface-modified composites by building surface multi-layer coatings containing ions of aluminium, titanium and zirconium. Relationships have been established between the electrokinetic and adsorption potential and the number of atomic layer deposition cycles. The authors also determined the energy-based distribution of active adsorption centres for both initial and synthesized specimens. It is demonstrated that the surface activity of composite materials is governed by the chemical composition and the surface condition of carbon materials, and this relationship can be used to predict the physico-chemical properties of carbon composites.

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