Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, Novocherkassk, Russia:

A. I. Gavrishin, Professor, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, agavrishin@rambler.ru

The main purpose of this research is to assess the role of coal mines in generation of chemical composition of mine and ground water in the oldest coal-bearing Shakhtinsky district in Eastern Donbass. The standard methods of mathematical and statistical data analysis are used to characterize mine and ground water (estimated arithmetical mean, median estimator, minimum and maximum values, standard deviation). The main index of water contamination is the contamination rate of water, soil, bottom sediments, etc., which is commonly used in geochemistry and geoecology, namely, the pollution load factor and the overall water pollution index. The water quality assessment uses the standards adopted in RF, USA, EU and WHO for drinking and fishery water. The practices of coal mining and mine closure widely use leaching, oxidation and dissolution elements, especially sulphur and sulphides, the content of which in coals and rocks reaches 4-5 %. As a result, mine water becomes highly mineralized and often acidic, and has the highest concentrations of Fe and Mn, hundreds of time higher than MAC in drinking water. Furthermore, it should be noted that MAC is largely exceeded by concentrations of Be, Ni, SO₄, Mg and Na. Heavily contaminated ground water in coal-bearing Shakhtinsky district sometimes contain acid water with mineralization up to 15 g/l. The studies show that mine water is the main source of ground water pollution. The high contamination rate of mine and ground water in Shakhtinsky coal mining district necessitates monitoring observations toward improvement of water treatment technologies and environmental reclamation. In the development of mine water treatment technologies, it is necessary, first, to reduce the concentrations of Fe and Mn, as well as Be, Ni, SO₄, Mg, and the index of mineralization M.

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