Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, Russia:

R. L. Shatalov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, e-mail: mmomd@mail.ru

JSC Kirov plant for processing of non-ferrous metals, Kirov, Russia:
A. K. Tolstobrov, Chief Metallurgist, e-mail: tolstobrovak@gmail.com
A. A. Agafonov, Deputy Chief Engineer - Head of Technical Department
O. A. Zernova, Head of the Central factory laboratory

The tasks of increasing the reliability and increasing the resource of DC machines are urgent. One of the reasons for the need to repair DC machines after operation is the wear of the collector. The processes occurring during operation during the interaction of the brushes and the collector under load are considered to be complex and difficult to predict due to the participation of electric current in the process. To increase the resource and reliability of the collector-brush assembly, it is necessary to work out the design of the assembly rationally and choose the materials of the collector and brushes, taking into account the manufacturability of manufacture. For the machines used, it is promising to replace the used materials with others that can increase the resource and reliability, without reducing the main characteristics. Profiles made of copper and copper-based alloys in the solid state, obtained by pressing and drawing, are used as blanks for the manufacture of collectors. An increase in the wear resistance of such profiles may be associated with an increase in the strength characteristics. One of the methods for increasing the strength characteristics is the microalloying of copper with elements that influence on the structure, or allow hardening heat treatment. Alloys based on copper, which can be obtained in the conditions of plants for the processing of non-ferrous metals, which are used in collector assemblies of electrical machines are of great interest. Samples from the presented microalloyed copper-based alloys are studied: CuCd1, CuCr0.7, CuSnAg, CuSnTe and CuZr0.4, obtained by technology (hot and cold stamping) similar in deformation-rate modes to the technology (pressing and drawing) of collector profiles production, manufactured in the conditions of the Kirov Non-Ferrous Metals Processing Plant (JSC “KNFMP”). Microstructural analysis of the samples was carried out. The Vickers hardness, electrical resistivity and relative wear resistance were determined. The highest value of wear resistance was obtained for specimens of CuZr0.4 alloy. On the basis of the data obtained, recommendations were issued for the prospective use of the studied alloys as a material for collectors of electrical machines in order to increase their resource by increasing the wear resistance of the collector profile.

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