Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Kemerovo, Russia¹ ; VNIMI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia²:

E. E. Razumov^1,2, Researcher, razumov@vnimi.ru

Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Kemerovo, Russia:

S. M. Prostov, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences

VNIMI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia:
G. D. Rukavishnikov, Head of Center for Geodynamic Monitoring
S. N. Mulev, Director of Science

The main directions of development of seismic monitoring systems in underground mineral mining are analyzed. The expediency of passive registration of natural seismic activity is proved, which provides prediction of geodynamic phenomena by locating the centers of seismic events and determining their energy level. The methods of active seismic monitoring (seismic tomography, cross-borehole survey, recording of seismic signal from a rock-breaking tool) are technically more difficult to implement. The promising methods for processing seismic information are geolocation, neural network technology, cluster analysis, and integration with numerical stress–strain analysis of and changes in acoustic properties of rock mass. The configuration of the platform developed at VNIMI and the GITS seismic monitoring system, which includes from 6 to 12 three-component seismic sensors installed permanently in wells or on pedestals, is described. The detailed layouts of seismic sensors at recording points and in gateways in extraction panels are presented. The main technical characteristics of GITS are given: the signal frequency range is 0.1–1000 Hz, the minimum recorded signal level is 0.01 mV. The main test data of GITS in Komsomolskaya mine of Vorkutaugol are described: the average annual levels of seismic activity and energy of seismic events are found to be relatively stable; the relationship between seismic event with the maximum total energy and the alternating increment in the relative criterion is defined, and the local increase in the average energy of a single event in time from the moment the main roof caving is identified. Aimed to substantiate the regional and local prediction criteria of probability of geodynamic events caused by confining pressure, VNIMI implements integrated research in mines in different regions.

1. Himanshu Barthwal, Mirko van der Baan. Passive seismic tomography using recorded microseismicity: Application to mining-induced seismicit. Geophysics. 2019. Vol. 84, Iss. 1. pp. 41–57.
2. Jun Lu, Xinghun Meng, Yun Wang, Zhen Yang. Prediction of coal seam details and mining safety using multicomponent seismic data: A case history from China. Geophysics. 2016. Vol. 81, Iss. 5. pp. 149–165.
3. Cheskidov V. V., Lipina A. V., Melnichenko I. A. Integrated monitoring of engineering structures in mining. Eurasian Mining. 2018. No. 2. pp. 18–21. DOI: 10.17580/em.2018.02.05
4. Dorokhin K. A. Experience of borehole seismic sounding for the assessment of physical state of rock mass using 2D and 3D representations. GIAB. 2019. No. 5. pp. 80–88.
5. Kalmykov V. N., Strukov K. I., Kulsaitov R. V., Esina E. N. Geomechanical features of underground mining at Kochkar deposit. Eurasian Mining. 2017. No. 2. pp. 12–15. DOI: 10.17580/em.2017.02.03
6. Azarov A. V., Serdyukov A. S., Yablokov A. V. Methods of the focal mechanism determination of microseismic events based on modeling full wave fields in a horizontally stratified media. GIAB. 2016. No. 10. pp. 131–143.
7. Zhukov A. A., Prigara A. V., Tsarev R. I., Shustkina I. Yu. Method of mine seismic survey for studying geological structure features of Verkhnekamskoye salt deposit. GIAB. 2019. No. 4. pp. 121–136.
8. Eremenko V. A., Neguritsa D. L. Efficient and active monitoring of stresses and strains in rock masses. Eurasian Mining. 2016. No. 1. pp. 21–24. DOI: 10.17580/em.2016.01.02
9. Zuev B. Yu., Zubov V. P., Fedorov A. S. Application prospects for models of equivalent materials in studies of geomechanical processes in underground mining of solid minerals. Eurasian Mining. 2019. No. 1. pp. 8–12. DOI: 10.17580/em.2019.01.02
10. Mingwei Zhang, Shengdong Liu, Shuzhao Chen, Yanlong Chen, Guang Xu, Deyu Qian. Focus Energy Determination of Mining Microseisms Using Residual Seismic Wave Attenuation in Deep Coal Mining. Shock and Vibration. 2018. Vol. 2018. ID 3854329. DOI: 10.1155/2018/3854329
11. Zhebel O., Eisner L. Simultaneous microseismic event localization and source mechanism determination. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2012. Las Vegas : Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2012. DOI: 10.1190/segam2012-1033.1
12. Chambers D. J. A., Boltz M. S., Richardson J. R., Finley S. A. Application of subspace detection on a surface seismic network monitoring a deep silver mine. Deep Mining 2017: Eighth International Conference on Deep and High Stress Mining. Perth : Australian Centre for Geomechanics, 2017. pp. 141–154.
13. Galchenko Yu. P., Eremenko V. A. Model representation of anthropogenically modified subsoil as a new object in lithosphere. Eurasian Mining. 2019. No. 2. pp. 3–8. DOI: 10.17580/em.2019.02.01
14. Smirnov O. V., Kulik A. I., Lenin E. A. Predicting geological faults by acoustic signal parameters. Ugol. 2015. No. 11. pp. 76–79.
15. Konstantinov A. V., Gladyr A. V. Designing universal measuring and analytical platform to investigate the state of rock massif. Izvestiya vuzov. Gornyi zhurnal. 2019. No. 4. pp. 24–32.
16. Seismic monitoring system GITS. Ugol. 2019. No. 10. p. 15.
17. Kasahara K. Earthguake Mechanies. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1981. 272 p.
18. Sadovsky M. A. Hierarchical block model of rock and applications in seismology. Experimental and Numerical Methods in Physics of Earthquake Focus : Collection of Scientific Papers. Moscow : Nauka, 1989. pp. 5–13.
19. Storcheus A.V. Calculating the seismic energy of earthquakes and explosions. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology. 2011. Vol. 5, No. 5. pp. 341–350.