“SEM.M” Scientific and Production Enterprise (Moscow, Russia):

E. A. Arkhipov, General Director, e-mail: npp-semm@yandex.ru

D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (Moscow, Russia):

V. Kh. Aleshina, Assistant, Dept. of Innovation Materials and Corrosion Protection, e-mail: aleshinavh@muctr.ru
K. N. Smirnov, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. “Technologies of inorganic substances and electrochemical processes”, e-mail: gtech@muctr.ru
T. A. Vagramyan, Dr. Eng., Prof., Dept. of Innovation Materials and Corrosion Protection, e-mail: vagramyan@muctr.ru

The effect of multipurpose additives for chloride-ammonium, sulfate-ammonium and sulfate cadmium coating electrolytes developed by the department of innovative materials and corrosion protection of D. Mendeleev university of chemical technology of Russia on their covering power, coating distribution over a complexly profiled surface and their wear resistance have been examined. Standard electrolytes included in GOST 9.305-84 had been chosen as objects of comparison. New additives are biologically soft surfactants, which can be successfully used in all above-mentioned electrolyte types: additive A is a reaction product of hexamethylenetetramine and dichloroethane which belongs to a class of polycondensational heterocyclic quaternary amines – cationic surfactants; B additive – VAT ribose esterification residue by aliphatic alcohol – nonionic surfactant. The value of the electrolyte throwing power for metal has been determined with using a slotted Moller cell with a five-section dismountable cathode (GOST 9.309-86). The electrolyte covering power was determined with Hull cell. Cadmium coating distribution over a complexly profiled surface was studied on Olympus LEXT 4100 confocal laser microscope with the help of cross sections of cadmium-coated steel female screws M12, which were cadmium-coated in a bell in bulk. It has been determined that introduction of the new additives into the examined electrolytes considerably improves the throwing power for metal, wherein sulfateammonium electrolyte possess the maximal value of throwing power, whilst chloride ammonium electrolyte – minimal. The additives considerably improve covering power of all examined electrolytes, while the covering power of sulfate-ammonium electrolyte increases more than ten times, which allows this electrolyte to be recommended for cadmium coating of complexly profiled parts of for bulk cadmium coating. The new additives permit to significantly widen the range of working current densities, increase the lifetime of the electrolytes and exclude the risks and costs related with the use of imported additives.
The work was carried out with the financial support of the D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia. Project number Kh-2020-027.

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