Kazan National Research Technological University:

F. Yu. Akhmadullina, Senior Lecturer, Chair of Industrial Technology, e-mail: ilc2013@inbox.ru
E. S. Balymova, Associate Professor, Chair of Industrial Biotechnology, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, e-mail: ilc2013@inbox.ru
R. K. Zakirov, Associate Professor, Chair of Industrial Biotechnology, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, e-mail: zakrus@mail.ru

Electroplating industry is one of the most hazardous sources of the environmental pollution due to high toxic and aggressive wastewater to be discharged in the municipal sewage system only after multiple dilution, which is economically unsound. For this reason, ecological safety of electroplating dictates having sewage treatment facilities for local treatment of mostly metal-bearing wastewater. In the meanwhile, it is expedient to undertake composite treatment of all wastewater types, including domestic sewage, at the electroplating plants. However, the impossible assimilation of heavy metals (HM) by active biomass as well as their toxicity prevents from biological treatment of composite effluent without preliminary decontamination of metal-bearing water. The article discusses feasibility of a combination technology for composite treatment of metal-bearing and domestic sewage (mixed wastewater), including chemical and biochemical purification. Validation of the technology needs knowing threshold concentrations of HM to be reached in the reagent detoxication of metal-bearing effluents without negative effect on biological treatment of mixed wastewater. The threshold HM concentrations can be determined using the method of bioindication. This method assesses condition of activated sludge before and after biotreatment, under the influence of various concentrations of key HM, by the recovery potential. The latter is calculated based on the Shannon diversity index recommended for all biostations. The implemented experimental research reveals the threshold concentrations of the check heavy metals. On this basis, the methods of the industrial wastewater treatment are selected and implemented with regard to recommendations and relevant experiment of local sewage treatment facilities. The obtained results prove feasibility and promising nature of the combination technology of composite domestic and industrial wastewater treatment at the electroplating plants, which is expedient to be included in the sewage works design in the electroplating industry.

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