Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, Novocherkassk, Russia:

A. I. Gavrishin, Professor, Doctor of Geologo-Mineralogical Sciences, agavrishin@rambler.ru

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of mining factor (composition of mine water) on the transformation of composition of macro components and microelements in ground and surface waters in the Eastern Donbass. The coal mining industry in the region is the most powerful factor in the environmental transformation. The mining factor governs induced fracturing of rocks, deformation of buildings and constructions, siltation of watercourses, salinization, whereas large-scale closure of coal mines intensifies processes of subsidence and underflooding of the earth surface, as well as formation of powerful pollution streams in the air, water and geological environment. This study is implemented using standard methods of assessing statistical parameters and environmental damage, as well as digital computer technology of multivariate observation classification AGAT-2. The mean concentrations of macro elements in mine water exceed MAC by several times, and the maximum concentrations are tens time higher than MAC. The average contents of metals exceed MAC in 53% of cases, the maximum concentrations of metals are higher than MAC in 73% of cases and can reach hundreds of times. The average content of most macro components in groundwater exceed MAC by 2–3 times, and maximum contents—by 8–10 times. The average content of macro elements in surface water exceed MAC by 2–3 times; the maximum contents—by 7–8 times; MAC values are increases in 33% of cases in terms of average content of microelements and in 67% of cases in terms of their maximum contents. The comparative analysis of chemical composition of mine, groundwater and surface water in the Eastern Donbass region shows that the mine water is the powerful man-made factor of environmental conversion causes serious damage to the environment and land, especially to natural water. Therefore, the most urgent task of the day is to accept effective measures aimed to recover environment, improve efficiency of sewage treatment plants and to prevent pollution of natural water in the region.

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