Bauman Moscow State Technical University (Moscow, Russia):

V. M. Yaroslavtsev, Dr. Eng., Professor of the Chair of Material Processing Technologies Department, e-mail: mt13@bmstu.ru
N. A. Yaroslavtseva, Cand. Eng., Associate Professor of the Chair of Material Processing Technologies Department

It is shown that metal shavings are formed in extremely dynamic cutting conditions with energy characteristics, sometimes exceeding the parameters of explosion of chemical explosives, which leads to a significant increase in the hardness of the material of the resulting shavings compared to the initial material. This causes significant difficulties in its further recycling by cutting tools (knives, cutters, etc.) for crushing and briquetting on presses (press-stamp heads, matrix, etc.). The calculated dependence of the evaluation of the influence of the hardness of the processed material on the period of resistance of the cutting tool is given, the use of which showed that the increase in the hardness of the chip material compared to the initial hardness of the processed material by 30 % causes a decrease in the tool life of 3–6 times. In the case when the hardness of the chip exceeds the hardness of the raw material by 75%, there is a decrease in the period of durability, up to 11–45 times depending on the processing conditions. This explains the low durability of the working tool for chip grinding, the frequent failure of the process equipment noted by a number of authors. The possibility of excluding the chip grinding stage on special equipment before briquetting is considered. Technology improvement is achieved by crushing the chips directly on machine tools using the method of cutting with outrunning plastic deformation (OPD). In this case, when cutting with OPD in hardening devices as a working tool for the deformation effect on the cut layer of the workpiece material, a reel roller with one or more protruding teeth is used, which provides a reliable crushing of chips when processing structural materials of different groups machinability by cutting. In the process, the teeth are perform on the cutting surface having the initial hardness of the material, depressions in the form of cuts, which in the formation chips are stress concentrators and reliably divide it into elements required for briquetting length.

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