Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia:

G. V. Shimov, Assistant Professor of a Chair of Metal Forming, e-mail: g.v.shimov@urfu.ru

D. S. Kovin, Post-Graduate Student of a Chair of Metal Forming

¹Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia ; ²Kamensk-Uralsky Non-Ferrous Metal Working Plant, Kamensk-Uralsky, Russia:
R. V. Fominykh, Master’s Degree Student of a Chair of Metal Forming¹, Sorter and Collector of Scrap and Wastes²

Kamensk-Uralsky Non-Ferrous Metal Working Plant, Kamensk-Uralsky, Russia:
A. S. Efremova, Industrial Engineer

Our paper presents a study of features of the Conform continuous pressing. The nature of metal flow in the deformation zone during the pressing of copper busbars on the Continuous Extrusion Line (CEL) CONFORM was studied experimentally. In the experiment on industrial equipment, a “pin method” was used to establish metal flow trajectories. We used the brass pins, located in the channel of the wheel (on the metal-wheel contact), and also on the top of the billet (on the metal-grip segment contact). After the billets pressing with brass pins, the localization of brass in the finished busbar was analyzed. The characteristic areas of the busbar with brass traces were further studied by using a microscope in order to establish features of brass interaction with copper at a given stress-strain state in the deformation zone and temperature-velocity modes, specific to the Conform method. As a result of the experiment, we confirmed the hypothesis which implied that the main factor in the occurrence of lamination of press products is presence of an oxidized metal layer in the wheel channel and its entering into the prechamber during pressing. The effect of the oxidized metal layer entering the prechamber was shown. The metal located in the channel of the wheel (in the metal-wheel contact) does not go to the dross, but enters the prechamber. The pins extend in the direction of pressing; in most cases there is a thin film between copper and brass, which acts as a lubricant at the metal-pin interface, as a result of which the pin may undergo less deformation than the base metal. The fact of brass penetration into corners of the prechamber was established, whilst the concept of mechanism of slow transition of thin brass traces from the zones under the surface of the press product was also developed. The results, obtained in the course of the physical experiment, do not completely correspond to the results, obtained during the computer simulation of the Conform process and traditional ideas about the trajectories of the metal flow in the deformation zone. At the same time, these results are of interest for further research in this field.
Our research was carried out within the main part of the State Task No. 11.9538.2017/8.9, and with the support of the program 211 of the Government of the Russian Federation (agreement No. 02.A03.21.0006).

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