Tomsk Polytechnical University, Tomsk, Russia:

G. Yu. Boyarko, Head of a Chair of Natural Resource Economics, e-mail: gub@tpu.ru

Gazprom, Moscow, Russia:
V. Yu. Khatkov, Head of Department, Applicant

A research on movement of goods in the case of rare-earth metals (REM) on the Russian market was considered on the basis of production, import and export data. Quantity data on the supply of individual marketable REM products were presented. A net balance of Russian REM consumption was composed. It was determined that the most deficit REM products in Russia include europium oxides (43,6% of total REM value), cerium, terbium, lanthanum, neodymium, yttrium and metallic neodymium. The internal Russian REM consumption market (1050 t in 2016) is growing and is in need of a bigger supply of individual marketable REM. The state stimulates import substitution, supports the development of new technologies for production of separated marketable REM and exploitation of new REM deposits. The growth of national production of marketable REM may cover the growing demand for light lanthanides, yet the supply deficit of heavy REM remains uncovered. In their case the consumption deficit may be covered by export, predominantly from China. As far as China’s domination in the world production of REM is concerned, the situation is not likely to change, if taking into account a high pressure that is put on demand for relatively cheap Chinese marketable REM products.

1. State Report “About the state and use of mineral resources of Russian Federation in 2014”. Moscow : MPR RF, 2015. 317 p. Available at: http://www.mnr.gov.ru/regulatory/list.php?part=1935 (accessed: 25.04.2017).
2. Kremenetskiy A. A., Kalish E. A. Russia on the world market of rare metals. Mineralnye resursy Rossii. Ekonomika i upravlenie. 2011. No. 5. pp. 63–67.
3. Saveleva I. L. The rare-earth industry of Russia: present status, resource conditions of development. Geografiya i prirodnye resursy. 2011. No. 1. pp. 122–129.
4. Arkhipova N. A., Levchenko E. N., Volkova N. M., Usova T. Yu. Model of development of rare earth metals industry and market in Russia. Razvedka i okhrana nedr. 2014. No. 9. pp. 13–18.
5. Petrov I. M. Russian market of rare metals: ways of development. Mineralnye resursy Rossii. Ekonomika i upravlenie. 2015. No. 1. pp. 78–81.
6. Glushchenko Yu. G., Goncharova L. I., Larichkin F. D., Novoseltseva V. D. Global production, rare earth products market and Russian place in it. Sever i rynok: formirovanie ekonomicheskogo poryadka. 2016. Vol. 4, No. 51. pp. 140–150.
7. Brykin A. V., Artemov A. V., Kolegov K. A. Analysis of REM and REMcatalysts market. Kataliz v promyshlennosti. 2013. No. 4. pp. 1–5.
8. Gambogi J. Rare earths — 2014 [Advance Release]. Minerals Yearbook 2014. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. 2016. 17 p. Available at: http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/rare_earths/myb1-2014-raree.pdf (accessed: 25.04.2017).
9. Klossek P., Kullik J., van den Boogaart K. G. A systemic approach to the problems of the rare earth market. Resources Policy. 2016. Vol. 50. 1 December. pp. 131–140.
10. Li Z.-M., Liu Y.-L., Li P., Zhang L., Zhang A.-W., Lin D.-L. Analysis of global rare earth supply trend. Chinese Rare Earths. 2016. Vol. 37, No. 6. pp. 146–154.
11. Li Z.-X., Zhou B.-L., Zhao Y.-Q. Analysis on the world’s future rare earths supply and demand situation and recommendations. Chinese Rare Earths. 2016. Vol. 37, No. 3. pp. 153–158.
12. Annual report of JSC “Solikamsk magnesium plant” for 2015. Solikamsk : JSC “SMZ”, 2016. 108 p. Available at: http://smz.rf/raport/2016/2015_godovoj_otchet_smz_2015_dlja_sajta.pdf (accessed: 25.04.2017).
13. Khatkov V. Yu., Boyarko G. Yu. Regulation of import of deficient raw materials in Russia. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2005. No. 9/10. pp. 53–56.
14. Kosynkin V. D., Trubakov Yu. M., Sarychev G. A. Past and future of rare-earth production in Russia. Evraziyskoe Nauchnoe Obedinenie. 2015. Vol. 1, No. 6 (6). pp. 49–60.
15. Yushina T. I., Petrov I. M., Grishaev S. I., Chernyy S. A. International rare earth metals market and processing technologies: State-of-the-art and future prospects. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2015. No. 2. pp. 59–64.
16. Cherepovitsyn A. E., Fedoseev S. V., Teslya A. B., Vyboldina E. Yu. Analysis of production and consumption of rare-earth metals in the EU and the BRICS. Tsvetnye Metally. 2015. No. 5. pp. 5–10.
17. Mauller M. A., Schweizer D., Seiler V. Wealth Effects of Rare Earth Prices and China’s Rare Earth Elements Policy. Journal of Business Ethics. 2016. Vol. 138, No. 4. pp. 627–648.
18. Weng Z., Jowitt S. M., Mudd G. M., Haque N. A detailed assessment of global rare earth element resources: Opportunities and challenges. Economic Geology. 2015. Vol. 110, No. 8. pp. 1925–1952.