St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University (St. Petersburg, Russia):

Kazakov A. A., Dr. Eng., Prof., Head of “Metallurgical technologies” Chair, e-mail: kazakov@thixomet.ru
Zhitenev A. I., Engineer, “Metallurgical technologies” Chair

EVRAZ Nizhniy Tagil Iron & Steel Works (EVRAZ NTMK) (Nizhniy Tagil, Russia):

Kushnarev A. V., Cand. Eng., Managing Director
Petrenko Yu. P., Head of the Central Works Laboratory
Lavrova E. A., Head of Metallograhic Laboratory

The distribution pattern of nonmetallic inclusions on the cross section of continuous-cast steel billets for rails and wheels has been studied in consideration of dendritic parameters in all crystal structure zones. Maximum nonmetallic impurity rating has been detected at the boundary intersection of adjacent crystal structure zones. The secondary dendrite arm spacing λ₂, which characterizes the size of dendritic cell, has been examined on the cross section of a billet. For wheel continuous-cast steel billet λ₂ goes constantly up from a billet’s edge to it’s center, but for the rail continuous-cast steel billet there is λ₂ increase only for the columnar crystal zone while for the equiaxial zone it is unaffected. The effects of secondary dendrite arm spacing upon the dimensions of tertiary nonmetallic inclusions appeared during solidifi cation have been determined. That is available for a wheel continuous-cast steel billet, that size of sulfides grows with λ₂ increase both for a columnar crystal zone and for an equiaxial zone, but for rail continuous-cast steel billet such relationship has been found only for a columnar crystal zone, when in the region of equiaxial zone the size of sulfides varies stochastically. The method of sampling for the control of nonmetallic inclusions in continuouscast steel billets for rails and wheels has been developed based upon revealed relationships which correlates good with a sampling for end products: wheels and rails.

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