The paper tells about the influence of operation factors on the condition of the rock mass, which contains underground hydrotechnical structures (generator hall, headrace, tailrace tunnels), resulting in the development of rock fall formation zones, in the change of physical and mechanical properties of the mass rock and loosening of its interblock contacts. A possibility is shown of using the geophysical monitoring of the mass condition in the area of active impact of operational factors due to which the probability of accidents at Hydropower plants is reduced.