Journals →  Tsvetnye Metally →  2017 →  #8 →  Back

MATERIALS SCIENCE
ArticleName Effect of manganese and iron on the phase composition and microstructure of aluminum-calcium alloys
DOI 10.17580/tsm.2017.08.10
ArticleAuthor Belov N. A., Naumova E. A., Doroshenko V. V., Bazlova T. A.
ArticleAuthorData

National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia:

N. A. Belov, Chief Researcher of a Chair “Metal Forming”
E. A. Naumova, Assistant Professor of a Chair “Metal Forming”, e-mail: jan73@mail.ru
V. V. Doroshenko, Engineer of a Chair “Metal Forming”
T. A. Bazlova, Assistant Professor of a Chair “Casting Technologies and Art Material Processing”

Abstract

A calculation method was used to research the composition of Al – Ca – Mn – Fe system aluminium alloys, which enabled a substantiation of optimal concentrations of calcium, manganese and iron. In order to determine the concentration limits for appearance of primary crystals of intermetallic phases, the projections of liquidus of this quaternary system were calculated. It was shown that with a 6% (wt.) Ca, the total concentration of Fe and Mn is less than 1%, where primary crystals are formed, containing Fe and Mn phases. By reducing the level of calcium, the area of the primary crystallization of an aluminium solid solution expands significantly. Based on the results of the calculation, the Al – 2% Ca – 1% Mn – 0.4% Fe composition was selected as the basic one. It was shown that by crystallizing alloys with such composition, the L (Al) + Al6(Fe, Mn) eutectic reaction should occur after forming of a small amount of primary crystals (Al), whilst the L (Al) + Al6(Fe, Mn) quaternary phase crystallization at 613 оC, which is monovariant, but has a small temperature interval (less than 1%), is prohibited. Two Al – Ca – Mn – Fe (Al2Ca1Mn0.4Fe и Al4Ca1Mn0.4Fe) system alloys were researched. They were prepared in a resistance furnace in a high-purity aluminium based (99.99%) graphite-chamotte pot. Calcium, manganese and iron were introduced to the aluminium alloy in the form of double aluminium based ligatures (Al – 15% Ca, Al – 10% Mn, Al – 10% Fe). It was demonstrated that as regards the selected concentrations, practically all of the manganese is contained in the aluminium matrix, whilst calcium and iron are in the multiphase, dispersedly structured eutectic. Primary crystals of the Al6(Fe, Mn) alloy were found in the Al4Ca1Mn0.4Fe alloy, which confirms the results of the calculation. On the example of the Al2Ca1Mn0.4Fe alloy it was demonstrated that the alloys that are based on an aluminium-calcium based eutectic can be highly processable during mould casting and pressurized processing, respectively.

This work was carried out within the Subsidiary Agreement No. 14.578.21.0220 (unique identifier: ПНИЭР RFMEFI57816X0220) of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation in realisation of the Federal Target Program “Investigations and developments on the priority ways of development of scientific-technological complex of Russia for the period of 2014–2020”.

keywords Al – Ca – Fe – Mn system, phase composition, eutectic, crystallization, microstructure, processability, aluminium, calcium
References

1. Belov N. A., Naumova E. A., Akopyan T. K. Eutectic aluminium-based alloys : new alloying systems. Moscow : “Ore and Metals” Publishing House, 2016. 256 p.
2. Liang Tian, Hyongjune Kim, Iver Anderson, Alan Russell. The microstructurestrength relationship in a deformation processed Al – Ca composite. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2013. Vol. 570. pp. 106–113.
3. Mondolfo L. F. Structure and properties of alloys : translated from English. Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1979. 640 p.
4. Kevorkov D., Schmid-Fetzer R. The Al – Ca System. Part 1: Experimental investigation of phase equilibria and crystal structures. Metallkd. 2001. Vol. 92. pp. 946–952.
5. Belov N. A., Naumova E. A., Alabin A. N., Matveeva I. A. Effect of scandium on structure and hardening of Al – Ca eutectic alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compaunds. 2015. Vol. 646. pp. 741–747.
6. Ternary alloys: a comprehensive compendium of evaluated constitutional data and phase diagrams. Ed. G. Petzow, G. Effenberg. Wiley-VCH, 1990. 647 p.
7. Zolotorevskiy V. S., Belov N. A. Metal science of casting aluminium alloys. Moscow : MISiS, 2005. 376 p.
8. Deev V. B., Ponomareva K. V., Yudin A. S. Investigation into the density of polystyrene foam models when implementing the resource-saving fabrication technology of thin-wall aluminum sheet. Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals. 2015. Vol. 56, No. 3. pp. 283–286.
9. Pat. 6783730 US. Lin J. C., Zolotorevsky V. S., Glazoff M. V. et al. Al – Ni – Mn сasting alloy for automotive and aerospace structural components ; fil. 20.12.2002 ; publ. 31.08.2004.
10. Vlach M., Stulikova I., Smola B., Piesova J., Cisarova H., Danis S., Plasek J., Gemma R., Tanprayoon D., Neuber V. Effect of cold rolling on precipitation processes in Al – Mn – Sc – Zr alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2012. Vol. 548. pp. 27–32.
11. Huang K., Li Y., Marthinsen K. Isothermal annealing of cold-rolled Al – Mn – Fe – Si alloy with different microchemistry states. Transactions of Nonferrous Met. Soc. China. 2014. Vol. 24. pp. 3840–3847.
12. Li Y. J., Muggerud A. M. F., Olsen A., Furu T. Precipitation of partially coherent α-Al(Mn, Fe)Si dispersoids and their strengthening effect in AA 3003 alloy. Acta Materialia. 2012. Vol. 60. pp.1004–1014.
13. Muggerud A. M. F., Mørtsell E. A., Li Y., Holmestad R. Dispersoid strengthening in AA3xxx alloys with varying Mn and Si content during annealing at low temperatures. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2013. Vol. 567. pp. 21–28.
14. Belov N. A. Phase composition of industrial and prospective aluminium alloys. Moscow : MISiS, 2010. 511 p.
15. Balanetskyy S., Pavlyuchkov D., Velikanova T., Grushko B. The Al-rich region of the Al – Fe – Mn alloy system. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2015. Vol. 619. pp. 211–220.
16. Belov N. A., Naumova E. A., Ilyukhin V. D., Doroshenko V. V. Structure and mechanical properties of Al – 6% Ca – 1% Fe alloy foundry goods, obtained by die casting. Tsvetnye Metally. 2017. No. 3. pp. 69–75.
17. State Standard GOST 11069–2001. Primary aluminium. Grades. Introduced: 2003–01–01.

Language of full-text russian
Full content Buy
Back