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NOBLE METALS AND ALLOYS
ArticleName Ruthenium recovery from multicomponent solutions of secondary raw materials processing by distillation method
DOI 10.17580/tsm.2017.04.05
ArticleAuthor Areshina N. S., Kasikov A. G., Petrova A. M., Kshumaneva E. S.
ArticleAuthorData

I. V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials of the Kola Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Murmansk Oblast, Russia:
N. S. Areshina, Senior Researcher, e-mail: areshina@chemy.kolasc.net.ru
A. G. Kasikov, Head of a Sector of Hydrometallurgy of Cobalt, Nickel and Noble Metals
A. M. Petrova, Senior Researcher
E. S. Kshumaneva, Researcher

Abstract

We studied the ruthenium recovery from multicomponent solutions of heatresistant nickel alloys waste processing by distillation method. Model sulphuric acid solutions were used to demonstrate the efficiency of oxidizing agents containing Cr (VI) or Co (III). Studies were made of the kinetics of ruthenium distillation from solutions produced by processing the heat-resistant nickel alloys waste. In order to oxidize ruthenium in chloride it was suggested to fulfill preliminary sulphuric acid treatment with the view of stable chloride complexes conversion into sulphate and sulphate-chloride ones. Optimal distillation parameters were determined when the level of ruthenium extraction into 6 mole/l HCl absorbing solution was 85–99%. The saturated solution was then evaporated and hydrolytic precipitation was applied to obtain the hydrated ruthenium oxide. The flowsheet was proposed of processing the multicomponent rutheniumcontaining sulphate, chloride and sulphate-chloride solutions. In case of necessity to convert the chloride complexes the flowsheet provides for preliminary sulphuric acid treatment of solutions. The solution containing 3–5 mole/l H2SO4 is fed for ruthenium distillation using potassium bichromate or cobalt-containing hydrate product as oxidant. The oxidizer choice depends on the initial solution composition as well as the possibility of reprocessing the distillation vat residue. It is more preferable to use the Co (III) based oxidizer because of its process stability due to gradual dissolution in sulphuric acid and smaller toxicity. The RuO4 is absorbed from the gas phase by hydrochloric acid solution whereof the hydrated ruthenium oxide applicable for pure metal production is precipitated. Taking into account high selectivity, the offered ruthenium distillation technique is applicable for ruthenium recovery from various sulfate, sulfate-chloride or chloride solutions irrespective of the kind of source material. The investigations were carried out with the partial support of the Program of Fundamental Investigations of the Department of Chemistry and Materials Science RAS (Program No. 5 “Creation of new types of products from mineral and organic raw materials”).

keywords Ruthenium, ruthenium oxide, cobalt, chromium, distillation, absorption, precipitation
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